diff --git a/callback_create.go b/callback_create.go
index a4da39e8..bf6b492f 100644
--- a/callback_create.go
+++ b/callback_create.go
@@ -31,17 +31,17 @@ func beforeCreateCallback(scope *Scope) {
 // updateTimeStampForCreateCallback will set `CreatedAt`, `UpdatedAt` when creating
 func updateTimeStampForCreateCallback(scope *Scope) {
 	if !scope.HasError() {
-		now := NowFunc()
+		unix := UnixFunc()
 
 		if createdAtField, ok := scope.FieldByName("CreatedAt"); ok {
 			if createdAtField.IsBlank {
-				createdAtField.Set(now)
+				createdAtField.Set(unix)
 			}
 		}
 
 		if updatedAtField, ok := scope.FieldByName("UpdatedAt"); ok {
 			if updatedAtField.IsBlank {
-				updatedAtField.Set(now)
+				updatedAtField.Set(unix)
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/callback_delete.go b/callback_delete.go
index 73d90880..efe60b13 100644
--- a/callback_delete.go
+++ b/callback_delete.go
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ func deleteCallback(scope *Scope) {
 				"UPDATE %v SET %v=%v%v%v",
 				scope.QuotedTableName(),
 				scope.Quote(deletedAtField.DBName),
-				scope.AddToVars(NowFunc()),
+				scope.AddToVars(UnixFunc()),
 				addExtraSpaceIfExist(scope.CombinedConditionSql()),
 				addExtraSpaceIfExist(extraOption),
 			)).Exec()
diff --git a/callback_update.go b/callback_update.go
index 6948439f..5b780af8 100644
--- a/callback_update.go
+++ b/callback_update.go
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ func beforeUpdateCallback(scope *Scope) {
 // updateTimeStampForUpdateCallback will set `UpdatedAt` when updating
 func updateTimeStampForUpdateCallback(scope *Scope) {
 	if _, ok := scope.Get("gorm:update_column"); !ok {
-		scope.SetColumn("UpdatedAt", NowFunc())
+		scope.SetColumn("UpdatedAt", UnixFunc())
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/scope.go b/scope.go
index 51ebd5a0..0905eb04 100644
--- a/scope.go
+++ b/scope.go
@@ -688,7 +688,7 @@ func (scope *Scope) whereSQL() (sql string) {
 	)
 
 	if !scope.Search.Unscoped && hasDeletedAtField {
-		sql := fmt.Sprintf("%v.%v IS NULL", quotedTableName, scope.Quote(deletedAtField.DBName))
+		sql := fmt.Sprintf("%v.%v = 0", quotedTableName, scope.Quote(deletedAtField.DBName))
 		primaryConditions = append(primaryConditions, sql)
 	}
 
diff --git a/utils.go b/utils.go
index 97a3d175..1b4e7dd6 100644
--- a/utils.go
+++ b/utils.go
@@ -21,6 +21,9 @@ import (
 var NowFunc = func() time.Time {
 	return time.Now()
 }
+var UnixFunc = func() int64 {
+	return time.Now().Unix()
+}
 
 // Copied from golint
 var commonInitialisms = []string{"API", "ASCII", "CPU", "CSS", "DNS", "EOF", "GUID", "HTML", "HTTP", "HTTPS", "ID", "IP", "JSON", "LHS", "QPS", "RAM", "RHS", "RPC", "SLA", "SMTP", "SSH", "TLS", "TTL", "UI", "UID", "UUID", "URI", "URL", "UTF8", "VM", "XML", "XSRF", "XSS"}