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The x86_64 Linux kernel can be booted in 32-bit mode, in which case the startup code creates a set of preliminary page tables that map the first 4 GiB of physical memory 1:1 and enables paging. This is a prerequisite for 64-bit execution and can therefore only be implemented in 32-bit code. The x86_64 Linux kernel can also be booted in 64-bit mode directly: this implies that paging is already enabled and it is the responsibility of the bootloader to ensure that the active page tables cover the entire loaded image, including its BSS space, the size of which is described in the image's setup header. Given that the EFI spec mandates execution in long mode for x86_64 and stipulates that all system memory is mapped 1:1, the Linux/x86 requirements for 64-bit entry can be met trivially when booting on x86_64 via EFI. So, enter via the 64-bit entry point in this case. This involves inspecting the xloadflags field in the setup header to check whether the 64-bit entry point is supported. This field was introduced in Linux version v3.8 (early 2013). This change ensures that all EFI firmware tables and other assets passed by the firmware or bootloader in memory remain mapped and accessible throughout the early startup code. Avoiding the drop out of long mode will also be needed to support upcoming CPU designs that no longer implement 32-bit mode at all (as recently announced by Intel [0]). [0] https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/technical/envisioning-future-simplified-architecture.html Cc: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com> Cc: Julian Andres Klode <julian.klode@canonical.com> Signed-off-by: Ard Biesheuvel <ardb@kernel.org> Reviewed-by: Daniel Kiper <daniel.kiper@oracle.com>
This is GRUB 2, the second version of the GRand Unified Bootloader. GRUB 2 is rewritten from scratch to make GNU GRUB cleaner, safer, more robust, more powerful, and more portable. See the file NEWS for a description of recent changes to GRUB 2. See the file INSTALL for instructions on how to build and install the GRUB 2 data and program files. See the file MAINTAINERS for information about the GRUB maintainers, etc. If you found a security vulnerability in the GRUB please check the SECURITY file to get more information how to properly report this kind of bugs to the maintainers. Please visit the official web page of GRUB 2, for more information. The URL is <http://www.gnu.org/software/grub/grub.html>. More extensive documentation is available in the Info manual, accessible using 'info grub' after building and installing GRUB 2. There are a number of important user-visible differences from the first version of GRUB, now known as GRUB Legacy. For a summary, please see: info grub Introduction 'Changes from GRUB Legacy'